Information Systems for Ethical Issues - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInformation Systems for Ethical and PolitialIssues. Answer: Ethical, social, and political issues raised by information systems Ethics are the principles that help in assessing the wrong or the right thing for the individuals and acts as moral agents in influencing the choices and the behavior of the individuals. The information systems and the information technology help in raising ethical questions that will help in creating opportunities for the individuals and the societies in accepting the changes. Use of technologies such as electricity, radio, telephones and steam engines along with information technology has helped in achieving social progress. These social progresses have also led to the committing of crimes, which has affected the social values as well. The information technology has developed, which has helped most on the individuals in benefitting from it (Laudon Laudon, 2016). The dilemmas faced by the managers with respect to ethics in a work place may get reflected on a political and social front as well, as political, ethical and social issues are greatly linked with each other. Most of the individuals within the organization want to be left alone so that their privacy can be protected within the system. The employees in the organization are subjected to electronic devices and other technologies that threaten their level of privacy within the companies (Jameson, 2013). The extensive use of the internet has produced many difficulties in protecting the privacy of the individuals, as most of the information is shared over large areas of network, which may be intercepted in various computers before reaching the target destination. These systems are able to monitor, capture and store the informations that are communicated through it (Lyon, 2014). Intellectual property is a type of intangible property that is created for the corporations and the individuals. The use of information technology has made it difficult in protecting the intellectual property, as it can be easily copied and passed on to different networks. The intellectual property can be protected by using three different laws, which are known as trade secrets, patent and copyright law. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) 1998 has helped in providing protection over the distribution of articles, books and other properties so that it can help in protecting the copyright of those materials (Pickles, 2015). The use of the internet has resulted in increasing the rate of cyber crimes, as it is easy to use and can be accessed easily. These atrocities are increasing due to the unsolicited mails and messages that are being sent to different organization without incurring any costs. Therefore, it is important to restrict the access of information to all the people within the organization (Hirschheim Klein, 2014). The case study, which is Glass Cage: Automation and Us by Nicholas Carr has helped in pointing out the high level of reliability on computers, which has resulted in the loss of expertise and made us idle in nature. The author has cited the two failures in the cognitive senses that results in the underperformance of the humans. The first one is complacency, which is the overconfidence that humans have on the ability of the computers and the second one is bias, which leads us to believe that the data that we receive from the computers are accurate in nature. The managers of the organizations, doctors, pilots and soldiers lose their focus, which leads them to ignoring the data that comes through the computer along with the external threats (Harley, 2016). The pilots have become too much reliable on the use of computers, which has resulted in losing of their ability in flying the airplanes. The compilation of the data and the capability in analyzing the complex situations has helped in making the decisions in a better manner. According to a research conducted in Australia, it was seen that the managers of reputed firms had a lower rate of understanding the auditing softwares, as they used the best available software whereas, the managers of a simple firm had a better knowledge in assessing the risks and make better decisions (Lakoff, 2013). Over the centuries, it can be seen that humans have faced serious issues over the skills that they have lost due to the advancement in the technologies. The process of automation has helped the world to be positioned in a better way, which needs to be increased so that it can help in preventing the crash of the high profile information (Lyon, 2014). The offloading of the tasks in the computers has helped in the liberation of the complex thinking that is required in the completion of the ordinary tasks, which consists of data inputs and observing the output of the data (Hirschheim Klein, 2014). Assessment of the sensory skills, awareness of the environment and the coordinated movement among them has helped in making the process of automation easier in nature. This was seen in a project started by Google that they were testing the automatic cars on the public roads directly, as they were confident with the technology that was instilled in it. This resulted in making the cars public so that they can understand the utilization of the technologies. It has also been argued that this is the direction where the world is heading towards (Lake, 2013). One of the basic solutions in designing the programs is by promoting the process of learning and engagement by returning the controls to the operators on a frequent basis. This will help in including the tasks that are difficult on a regular interval. Most of the operators need to perform the complex mental and manual tasks so that the effect of the generation can be reinforced. These changes unfortunately may result in the slowdown of the softwares and decline in the level of productivity as well. The businesses may not try to value the preservation of the expertise on a long-term manner and would choose the direct method of increasing the profits on a short-term (Lakoff, 2013). Reference List Harley, J. B. (2016). Cartography, ethics and social theory.Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization,27(2), 1-23. Hirschheim, R., Klein, H. K. (2014). Realizing emancipatory principles in information systems development: the case for ETHICS.MIS quarterly, 83-109. Jameson, F. (2013).The political unconscious: Narrative as a socially symbolic act. Routledge. Lake, R. W. (2013). Planning and applied geography: positivism, ethics, and geographic information systems.Progress in human geography,17(3), 404-413. Lakoff, G. (2013). Moral politics: What conservatives know that liberals don't. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2016). Management information system. Pearson Education India. Lyon, D. (2014). Surveillance, Snowden, and big data: Capacities, consequences, critique.Big Data Society,1(2), 2053951714541861. Pickles, J. (Ed.). (2015).Ground truth: The social implications of geographic information systems. Guilford Press.